This paper is concerned with addressing some of the problems associated with assessing a masonry arch. It shows how a non-linear finite element analysis could be used to assess an arch and gives guidance on how to determine the required material parameters based on observations carried out in-situ. The effect the backfill has on the strength of the arch is discussed and highlights the possibility of seasonal changes in the strength of the backfill due to the changing water content. Ultimately it is concluded that to model the backfill is a time consuming exercise and would only be countenanced in exceptional circumstances.

Finite Element analysis can have advantages over other analytical solutions, because it is capable of producing information such as the extent of cracking, strain levels and deflections at any load intensity. A discussion of the low strain levels around the intrados and extrados of the arch rib for service loads helps to explain why brickwork arches have such a long service life. The more information available about the behaviour of the arch under load will ultimately lead to a better assessment of the arch.

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