Keywords: longitudinal dynamics, railway vehicles, couplers, draft gears, in-train forces, train kinematics, train dynamics, non-linear forces.

The study, presented in this paper, concerns computational models for simulation of in-train coupler forces as a result of typical freight railway vehicles operation. In-train coupler forces are determined as well as the conditions in which impact occurs, helping engineers to access the train operational conditions. In this study, a sample railway track profile is used, which considers slopes, curve and braking operation. Such a model reproduces the behaviour of the dynamic system when non-linear forces such as traction, pneumatic braking, draft gear, propulsion resistance and friction are applied, yielding the in-train forces and lateral forces that actuate in the train composition. The model consists of one locomotive and two wagons, connected by hysteretic draft gear mechanisms. The draft gear model and the application of non-linear forces influences the dynamic behaviour of the railway vehicles in a realistic manner. Such results can lead to an improvement in safety in railways as the accurate prediction of in-train forces and impact conditions can reduce derailment events and increase component life time, providing cost reduction of freight train operation.

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