Keywords: historical masonry structures, building techniques in masonry structures, finite element method analysis of historical buildings, restoration experiments.

In this study, the main engineering principals, building techniques, structural forms and abilities which were used in historical masonry buildings from past up to now have been investigated. The structural behaviour of historical buildings has been examined to understand. How the historical masonry buildings with original construction methods could be modelled and restored is presented.

The effect of historical buildings on the improvement of Ottoman architecture is examined. Some structural properties which have been used in these structures such as shaft sinking in base floor, clamp sleeve usage in basement, sliding foundation have been mentioned. Some restoration techniques of masonry structures are presented. Structural performances of some structural forms such as domes which have been used in historical buildings are analysed. The properties of dome, arch and vault in historical masonry structures are modelized in five different models and each model is analysed. The analysis of these models is performed by using SAP2000 program. Obtained results are compared with each other and it has been found out that there is similar behaviour with dome, arch and vault.

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