Keywords: modular, truss system, three-dimensional, organic, skyway, emergence.

The paper introduces the concept of an innovative modular spatial truss system: truss-Z, which can be constructed in various environments, serving as skyways, links, exhibition ramps, scaffolding, etc. especially where the use of heavy equipment is impossible or should be avoided [1]. As a result of the modularity, the system can be inexpensively prefabricated, transported to the site and easily assembled. Moreover the structure can be locally modified (without influencing the remainder) and adapted to changing conditions, for example by redirecting or increasing the capacity of the pedestrian traffic according to the time of the day [2].

The procedure to construct and optimize the communication networks for pedestrian traffic in a given environment with truss-Z modules is shown. The network connects a given number of terminals and also allows the creation of branching of paths and closed loops. The elements of the environment model include real obstacles such as roads, buildings, lakes, etc. Two methods of constructing the truss network in the constrained environment are presented: backtracking and alignment to a given spline and a network of splines. Both methods use discrete optimization to produce allowable solutions which can be globally optimized for various objectives. These include the total number of modules (minimization), the best alignment to the given paths (minimization), the network distance (minimization) and network flow (maximization). Some practical problems were discussed in the context of making a number of scale models of the truss system.

1

Y. Bar-Cohen, "Biomimetics Biologically Inspired Technologies", Taylor & Francis Group, 2006.

2

R.H. Luchsinger, R. Crettol, "Adaptable Tensairity", IASS International Conference on Adaptability in Design and Construction, Eindhoven, 2006.

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