Keywords: fractional equation, Dirac equation, numerical analysis.

Lately, the fractional Dirac equation has been considered as an interpolation from the inside between the classical Heat Equation and the Wave Equation [1,2]. In this work we build a suitable numerical scheme to simulate a one-dimensional fractional Dirac equation of the form:

In order to build our numerical scheme, we start using the ideas presented in [3] for a system that depends on a single variable, we will then extend the ideas to the fractional equation. We start considering a fractional equation of the form:

where is the fractional Caputo derivative of order with lower limit 0. If we define:

the equation is equivalent to

For this equation we have build two first order schemes. Combining both, we can build a second order scheme:

with local truncation error:

and . We have used this scheme to represent the fractional time derivative of the solution and a second order scheme for the spatial derivative. The Dirac equation can be expressed in a form similar to (44):

and from here

Denoting the spatial index by subscripts and the temporal one by superscripts, we have the numerical scheme

The local truncation error can be written as

for some and where is the error given previously, replacing by and by . The scheme is locally of order 2 in both mesh parameters and is an implicit scheme since the equation couples three values of at the highest time-level n.

We show that, under reasonable boundary and initial conditions, the errors at each time-step are bounded by an expression that goes to zero as the mesh sizes go to zero, keeping both a finite fixed time and a spatial length. The scheme is thus convergent.

1

A.A. Kilbas, T. Pierantozzi, J.J. Trujillo and L. Vázquez. "On the Solution of Fractional Evolution Equations", Journal of Physics A, 37, 3271-3283 (2004). doi:10.1088/0305-4470/37/9/015

2

T. Pierantozzi and L. Vázquez, "An interpolation between the wave and diffusion equations through the fractional evolution equations Dirac like", Journal of Mathematical Physics, 46, 113512-113523 (2005). doi:10.1063/1.2121167

3

G. Turchetti, D. Usero and L. Vázquez, "Hamiltonian systems with fractional time derivative", Tamsui Oxford Journal of Mathematical Sciences, Vol 18 (1), 31-44 (2002).

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