Keywords: piezoelectric, laminated structure, vibration, actuators.

Active and shape control of structures with a set laminated sensors and actuators is gaining momentum [1]. In recent years new piezoelectric materials and advance manufacturing technologies have been developed. These technologies enable the deposition of thin films and their integration into micro-electro-mechanical systems devices. Recently, advanced composite materials with high specific stiffness and strength have been widely used for aerospace applications. The development of smart composite materials and adaptative structures with sensory/active capabilities has considerable promise to improve the performance and reability of structural systems. There are great technological implications for this class of structure, which can monitor their own combine the superior mechanical properties of composite materials with their inherent capability to sense and adapt their static and dynamic response. Numerous studies on the modelling and analysis of piezolaminated composite structures have been performed [2,3,4,5,6,7].

In naval research, particularly in marine fouling, very soon after their immersion in sea water, all structures are rapidly covered by a biological slime called biofouling. Numerous works on marine fouling prevention systems have been carried out: antifouling paints [8], ultrasonic waves [9] and more recently applications of piezoelectric materials [10]. A new and more efficient technique using piezoelectric films to induce mechanical vibrations have been reported [11]. Both experimental and theoretical studies concerning the efficiency of the mechanical vibration control induced by piezoelectric devices on immersed elastic homogeneous structures have been already carried out [12]. In order to obtain optimal results with piezoelectric polymers in acting, sensing and control applications, it is necessary to have accurate models of the mechanics of induced strain actuation. The design of control systems involving piezoelectric actuators and sensors requires an accurate knowledge of the transfer functions between the inputs and the outputs of the system. Consequently, the modelling of the dynamic of this type of structures seems significant.

In this paper, the linear theory of piezo-elasticity is used to analyze steady state vibration of a simply rectangular laminated plate with piezoelectric polymer (PVDF) actuator patches bonded to the its surfaces. The mathematical model of a smart composite plate is formulated first, followed by vibration analysis. The active control of laminated composite plates using the piezoelectric elements is studied using the governing equation of motion. This study evaluates the effectiveness of actively controlled piezopolymers for antifouling process.

1

R.C. Batra, X.Q. Liang, J.S. Yang Hwang, "Shape control of vibrating simply supported rectangular plates", AIAA J., 34(1), 116-122, 1996. doi:10.2514/3.13030

2

T. Bailey and J.E. Hubbard, "Distributed piezoelectric-polymer active vibration of a cantilever beam", Journal of Guidance, 8, 605-611, 1985. doi:10.2514/3.20029

3

E.F. Crawley and J. De Luis, "Use of Piezoelectric actuators as elements of intelligent structures", AIAA J., 25, 1373-1385, 1987. doi:10.2514/3.9792

4

B.T. Wang and C.A. Rogers, "Laminate plate theory for spatially distributed induced strain actuators", Journal of Computers and Materials, 25, 433-452, 1991.

5

W.S. Hwang and H.C. Park, "Finite element modeling of piezoelectric sensors and actuators", AIAA J., 31, 930-937, 1993. doi:10.2514/3.11707

6

C.K. Lee, "Theory of laminated piezoelectric plates for the design of distributed sensors/actuators. Part I: governing equations and reciprocal relationships", Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 87, 1144-1158, 1990. doi:10.1121/1.398788

7

J.H. Han and I. Lee, "Active damping enhancement of composite plates with electrode designed piezoelectric materials", Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, 8, 249-259, 1997. doi:10.1177/1045389X9700800306

8

J.C. Benitez, C.A. Giudice and J.D. Rascio, "Binders for self polishing antifouling", European Coatings Journal. 11, 618-631, 1987.

9

M. Mori and F. Yamagushi, "The antifouling effect of ultrasonic waves on hulls", Jap. Tech. Rev., 6, 25-33, 1969.

10

M. Latour and P.V. Murphy, "Application of PVF2 transducers as piezoelectric vibrators for marine fouling preventionquot;, Ferroelectrics, 32, 33-37, 1981.

11

M. Rahmoune, "Contribution à l'étude d'un système d'ondes mécaniques généré par des transducteurs piézoélectriques. Application au processus antifouling", PHD, University of Montpellier 2, France, 1994.

12

M. Rahmoune and M. Latour, "Application of mechanical waves induced by piezofilms to marine fouling protection of oceanographic sensors", Smart Materials and Structures, 4(3), 195-201, 1995. doi:10.1088/0964-1726/4/3/006

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