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Civil-Comp Proceedings
ISSN 1759-3433 CCP: 65
FINITE ELEMENTS: TECHNIQUES AND DEVELOPMENTS Edited by: B.H.V. Topping
Paper II.4
Solving Nonlinear Systems of PDEs Without Linearising the Equations E. Tijskens, H. Ramon and J. De Baerdemaeker
Faculty of Agricultural and Applied Biological Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium E. Tijskens, H. Ramon, J. De Baerdemaeker, "Solving Nonlinear Systems of PDEs Without Linearising the Equations", in B.H.V. Topping, (Editor), "Finite Elements: Techniques and Developments", Civil-Comp Press, Edinburgh, UK, pp 51-60, 2000. doi:10.4203/ccp.65.2.4
Abstract
The numerical study and exploration of new classes of
systems of partial differential equations (PDE) or new
constitutive equations is often hampered by the development
cost of building a new solver or extending existing ones. In
this paper is it is demonstrated how automatic differentiation
techniques can be used to relieve the user of the burden of
manually linearising PDE systems without severely
deteriorating computational efficiency. A multiple point AD-tool
based on operator overloading is built into a class
hierarchy for the solution of quasilinear PDE systems by
means of the least-squares finite element method (LSFEM)
and classical Galerkin FEM. Whereas classical solution
techniques for nonlinear PDE systems require the
programming of linearised terms, these classes require only
the nonlinear terms which are generally smaller in number
and complexity than the linearised ones. Hence the amount of
programming and debugging is drastically reduced. The
linearisation is carried out automatically "under the hood" by
the AD-tool. In addition no extra programming is needed to
implement successive substitution and the user can switch
easily at runtime between Newton Raphson linearisation and
successive substitution. The described class hierarchies are
ideal candidates for the exploration of new PDE based
mathematical models and for the prototyping of new solvers.
The LSFEM class hierarchy is especially interesting since it
also performs the discretisation automatically and can be
used irrespective of the mathematical type of the PDE
system. It is also demonstrated that solvers for manually
linearised PDE systems, when implemented using a multiple
point AD-tool, will exhibit an improved computational
efficiency and that new constitutive equations can be
explored with a reduced programming effort. Also, two
linearisation schemes (Newton-Raphson and successive
substition) are obtained at once.
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