Keywords: wheel-rail contact, condition monitoring, steering bogie, running safety, derailment, wear, friction.

In general, the safety against derailment is evaluated by the derailment coefficient, which is defined as lateral force (L)/vertical force (V). In Japan, L and V are referred to as Q and P, respectively. Traditionally, these forces are only measured by the instrumented wheelset at the time of safety inspection of newly manufactured vehicles or newly constructed railway tracks. Tokyo Metro has developed a special bogie called PQ(L/V) monitoring bogie, which can monitor the forces between the wheels and the rails and the derailment coefficients on service lines during operation. At the same time, Tokyo Metro has also introduced a steering bogie that steers the wheelset in the radial direction using linkage mechanism. In recent years, the monitoring bogie with a steering mechanism has also been developed. In order to monitor all the vehicles on a line, the trackside remote monitoring system is also being developed. This paper summarises the history of the development of condition monitoring technology to ensure safer operation against flange climb derailment, and the future prospects are mentioned.

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